Carbon nanotubes, cylindrical structures composed of rolled graphene sheets, have captivated scientists and engineers with their exceptional physical properties. Their unique strength, conductivity, and lightness make them ideal candidates for a broad range of applications, from high-performance structures to flexible electronics. Understanding the

Gold sputtering targets are essential components in various thin-film deposition processes. These targets, typically crafted from high-purity gold, are utilized to deposit a thin layer of gold onto substrates in a controlled manner. The process involves bombarding the target with ions, causing atoms to be ejected and deposited onto the substrate. T